The transportation department has responsibility for train operations. The department is composed of the Superintendent of Operations, Transportation Manager, and Transportation Specialists. The Transportation Specialists perform the traditional train crew functions of locomotive engineer and conductor. Many of the BB Transportation Specialists are cross-trained and can serve when needed as either locomotive engineers or conductors.

The Buckingham Branch has eight train crews. The Z710 train crew is based in Dillwyn and works the Buckingham Division. The Z862 and Z863 train crews are based in Doswell, VA and operate on the eastern end of the Richmond & Alleghany Division. The Z620 crew is based in Charlottesville, VA and operates in the central portion of the Richmond & Alleghany Division. The Z630 and Z631 train crews are based Staunton, VA and operate on the west end of the Richmond & Alleghany Division. The Z523 train crew is based in Keysville, VA and works the Virginia Southern Division.  The Z757 train crew is based in Little Creek Yard and provides train service on the Norfolk Division.

The Buckingham Branch operates regular freight trains Monday through Friday and special trains as needed on weekends. The BB train crews also operate the spring and fall excursion trains and the Santa Trains based in Dillwyn, VA and managed by the Old Dominion Chapter of the National Railway Preservation Society, as well as an annual gift collection train during Christmas on the Richmond & Alleghany Division.